Bentham Opposes ‘Three Strikes And You’Re Out’ Laws. Pain

Bentham opposes ‘Three Strikes and You’re Out’ laws. Pain and pleasure dictate what we should do and what is right and wrong. It is about maximizing the pleasure and minimizing the pain. ‘Three Strikes and You’re Out’ laws does not bring pleasure to society when a person goes to jail for life for stealing a pizza or a small amount of marijuana. These acts are wrong, but they are not evil. The value of pain and pleasure is based on the intensity, the duration, the certainty or uncertainty, and its nearness or remoteness. For instance, the pain of a stolen pizza and a murder, the intensity of the pain is not the same, nor does it last as long (hours as oppose to a lifetime). More so, â€Å"utility is meant the property of something whereby it†¦show more content†¦Of course, the man hides his valuables and the burglar dies. If this situation is not a form of excessive punishment, then ‘Three Strikes and You’re Out’ is not excessive. Even so, he would say â€Å"fallibility, logically, has more to do with whether we should punish at all, or how harsh our harsher punishment should be, than whether our punishment should be scaled according to the gravity of the crime† (Lawrence, 76). In addition, a very important factor would notice. In his Doomsday machine example, he made a point to inform us that the population would know about the machine and what it does. Alexander would say, â€Å"Once the [criminal] have been warned (the notice principle), and because they have no right to [commit the crime] in the first place (the wrongful act principle), they have no right to demand proportional response if that is more costly in terms of other values† (Lawrence, 79). In the same scenario, he would not consider the laws unfair if there is prior notice and if it only reacts to wrongful acts. The law stipulates that anyone convicted of two prior felonies would get 25 to life in prison for any cr ime. First, the population is notified. Second, it has to do with wrongful acts. He violated rights prior to triggering the life sentence. Basically, he took a chance. In the circumstance where a person believes the wrongful act is right, a crime of passion, or mentally ill, Alexander would say a fewShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesunderstanding the diverse nature of organization theory Mapping some aspects of organization theory’s diversity Positivist protagonists: the truth is out there, and we can objectively know it Philosophical disputes around the role of the subjective in science Epistemological and ontolological disputes: how can we ever know the ‘truth’ and is there an ‘out there’? A few words of warning about the term postmodernism Overview of the structure and rationale of the book Chapter summaries Chapter 2: Modernist

Overview of the Book Stigma by Erving Goffman

Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity is a book written by sociologist  Erving Goffman in 1963 about the idea of stigma and what it is like to be a stigmatized person. It is a look into the world of people considered abnormal by society. Stigmatized people are those that do not have full social acceptance and are constantly striving to adjust their social identities: physically deformed people, mental patients, drug addicts, prostitutes, etc. Goffman relies extensively on autobiographies and case studies to analyze stigmatized persons’ feelings about themselves and their relationships to â€Å"normal† people. He looks at the variety of strategies that stigmatized individuals use to deal with the rejection of others and the complex images of themselves that they project to others. Three Types of Stigma In the first chapter of the book, Goffman identifies three types of stigma: stigma of character traits, physical stigma, and stigma of group identity. Stigma of character traits are: â€Å"...blemishes of individual character perceived as weak will, domineering, or unnatural passions, treacherous and rigid beliefs, and dishonesty, these being inferred from a known record of, for example, mental disorder, imprisonment, addiction, alcoholism, homosexuality, unemployment, suicidal attempts, and radical political behavior.† Physical stigma refers to physical deformities of the body, while stigma of group identity is a stigma that comes from being of a particular race, nation, religion, etc. These stigmas are transmitted through lineages and contaminate all members of a family. What all of these types of stigma have in common is that they each have the same sociological features: â€Å"...an individual who might have been received easily in normal social intercourse possesses a trait that can obtrude itself upon attention and turn those of us whom he meets away from him, breaking the claim that his other attributes have on us.† When Goffman refers to â€Å"us,† he is referring to the non-stigmatized, which he calls the â€Å"normals.† Stigma Responses Goffman discusses a number of responses that stigmatized people can take. For example, they could undergo plastic surgery, however, they still risk being exposed as someone who was formerly stigmatized. They can also make special efforts to compensate for their stigma, such as drawing attention to another area of the body or to an impressive skill. They can also use their stigma as an excuse for their lack of success, they can see it as a learning experience, or they can use it to criticize â€Å"normals.† Hiding, however, can lead to further isolation, depression, and anxiety and when they do go out in public, they can, in turn, feel more self-conscious and afraid to display anger or other negative emotions. Stigmatized individuals can also turn to other stigmatized people or sympathetic others for support and coping. They can form or join self-help groups, clubs, national associations, or other groups to feel a sense of belonging. They might also produce their own conferences or magazines to raise their morale. Stigma Symbols In chapter two of the book,  Goffman discusses the role of â€Å"stigma symbols.† Symbols are a part of information control; they are used to understand others. For example, a wedding ring is a symbol that shows others that someone is married. Stigma symbols are similar. Skin color is a stigma symbol, as is a hearing aid, cane, shaved head, or wheelchair. Stigmatized people often use symbols as â€Å"disidentifiers† in order to try to pass as a â€Å"normal.† For instance, if an illiterate person is wearing ‘intellectual’ glasses, they might be trying to pass as a literate person; or, a homosexual person who tells ‘queer jokes’ might be trying to pass as a heterosexual person. These covering attempts, however, can also be problematic. If a stigmatized person tries to cover their stigma or pass as a â€Å"normal,† they have to avoid close relationships, and passing can often lead to self-contempt. They also need to constantly be alert and always checking their houses or bodies for signs of stigmatization. Rules for Handling Normals In chapter three of this book, Goffman discusses the rules that stigmatized people follow when handling â€Å"normals.† One must assume that â€Å"normals† are ignorant rather than malicious.No response is needed to snubs or insults, and the stigmatized should either ignore or patiently refute the offense and views behind it.The stigmatized should try to help reduce the tension by breaking the ice and using humor or even self-mockery.The stigmatized should treat â€Å"normals† as if they are honorary wise.The stigmatized should follow disclosure etiquette by using disability as a topic for serious conversation, for example.The stigmatized should use tactful pauses during conversations to allow recovery from shock over something that was said.The stigmatized should allow intrusive questions and agree to be helped.The stigmatized should see oneself as â€Å"normal† in order to put â€Å"normals† at easy. Deviance In the final two chapters of the book, Goffman discusses the underlying social functions of stigmatization, such as social control,  as well as the implications that stigma has for theories of deviance. For instance, stigma and deviance can be functional and acceptable in society if it is within limits and boundaries.

Hotel Aborilities In Pessac, France - 1331 Words

There are many reasons to visit the gorgeous commune of Pessac, France. Here, one can admire the grand architecture of chateaus and indulge in the gourmet scene. Experience fantastic French cuisine here. When you head to the second-largest suburb of Bordeaux though, wine reigns supreme. We have compiled the top 10 Airbnb vacation rental accommodations in Pessac, France to help you experience this region at its optimum. Consider booking a room today to help you plan for your trip to France. Consider staying at this warm and homely house. It has a single room with two beds to accommodate up to four guests. This space is suitable for two couples, a family with children, or a group of friends. Quiet and close to the downtown area, this house†¦show more content†¦This Airbnb vacation rental offers a single bedroom that can accommodate up to two guests. This location is close to the center of Pessac and Mà ©rignac, and is ideal if you are planning a trip to Bordeaux. Nearby, you can taste wines at the beautiful and magnificent Chà ¢teau La Mission Haut-Brion, where one can get a great winery experience. How about a stay in this small, pleasant house in Pessac? It offers a bedroom with a double bed that is ideal for a couple. Also on offer is a fully-equipped kitchenette, with dishes, plates, a microwave, and a refrigerator that guests can utilize when staying at this house. In the immediate vicinity of this Airbnb vacation rental is Tram B. It can easily take you directly to the Bordeaux center and the Alouette-France SNCF train station. This Airbnb listing is located in a quiet, residential area. Stay in this house and you’ll be close to the university campus in Pessac. This private room is adjacent to the living room and can accommodate up to two guests. Guests here can also access common areas like the kitchen, the living room, and the dining room, along with the garden at this property. There are many restaurants near this property. Consider eating at Chez Le Boulanger. Here, you will get choices aplenty between breads and baguettes, with desserts and good quality food to eat on the spot or to take away. If you want to try out the best crepes in the area, visit Le Cafà © Bleu. Here, you will get crepes at good value

The Enchanted Places by Christopher Robin Milne free essay sample

Critical review of autobiography of life as son of A.A. Milne inspiration for boy who owned Winnie the Pooh in his fathers childrens books. Christopher Robin Milne died on April 20, 1996. He was the original Christopher Robin who owned the stuffed bear called Winnie-the-Pooh and his father A. A. Milne wrote some of the worlds most famous childrens books about his son and his toy animals. The obituaries for Christopher Milne stressed the fact that the attention this brought him from Pooh fans didnt always sit well with the real Christopher Robin (Transition 87). But in his autobiography, The Enchanted Places, which deals mainly with his childhood, Milne did not express any dislike for the books. The main problem that he had with his fame was that it was never really his own fame. The question that bothered him the most about the books was whether they had really been written for him, as his father sometimes claimed, or whether he was just the source of an idea that his father could use for his own purposes. We will write a custom essay sample on The Enchanted Places by Christopher Robin Milne or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the book Milne tries to understand why it always seemed to him that his father had only pretended to write the books for him.